Planet formation and evolution around misaligned circumbinary disks

Abstract: Recent observations have revealed that circumbinary disks that are misaligned to the binary orbit could be common in the universe. Dissipation in the disk causes it to move either towards coplanar alignment or polar alignment. Since planets form inside disks, circumbinary planets may also form misaligned to the binary orbit. We explore the orbital evolution of the binary with the misaligned circumbinary disk. The disk-binary interaction leads to the evolution of the binary’s orbit, which could either shrink over time due to the loss of its angular momentum via resonances or expand due to the acquirement of specific angular momentum via accretion. We explore diverse parameter domains of circumbinary systems with polar and retrograde disks. Our results have implications in a variety of astrophysical objects, including the orbital evolution of stellar binaries and the evolution of both stellar and supermassive black hole binaries.